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Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes Enlarge the Pore Size of Intervessel Pit Membranes in Healthy and Xylella fastidiosa-Infected Grapevines
The pit membrane (PM) is a primary cell wall barrier that separates adjacent xylem water conduits, limiting the spread of xylem-localized pathogens and air embolisms from one conduit to the next. T...
Pierce's disease symptoms: Comparison with symptoms of water deficit and the impact of water deficits
The pathology of diseases such as Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) that are caused by the xylem-limited bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is widely attributed to vessel occlus...
The role of tyloses in crown hydraulic failure of mature walnut trees afflicted by apoplexy disorder
In the Central Valley of California, mature walnut trees afflicted with apoplexy disorder exhibit rapid and complete crown defoliation within a few weeks of symptom initiation. Symptoms are typical...
Xylella fastidiosa infection and ethylene exposure result in xylem and water movement disruption in grapevine shoots
It is conventionally thought that multiplication of the xylem-limited bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) within xylem vessels is the sole factor responsible for the blockage of water movement in gra...
